Major scientific issues and technical problems in 2025, including dark energy and typhoon paths, are released

Today, the China Association for Science and Technology released the major scientific issues, engineering and technical challenges, and industrial and technical issues for 2025.

Ten cutting-edge scientific issues

Topological and geometric classification of manifolds

Higgs particle properties and mass origin

Feasibility study of metalloids replacing transition metals for precision synthesis and catalytic reactions

Abnormal typhoon path and sudden change in intensity

The formation mechanism of spatial pattern of macro-ecosystem and the interaction mechanism between systems

New theory and protection system of artificial intelligence security based on cryptography

Multidimensional, reconfigurable supramolecular machine assembly

Dark Energy and the Hubble Constant Crisis

The potential of wild relatives of crops in improving the stress tolerance of cultivated varieties

Interactive regulatory mechanism between human microecology and host

Ten major engineering and technical problems

Integrated algorithms and theories for design, simulation and manufacturing of complex models

Deep-sea large-scale mining equipment and environmental disturbance suppression

Regional surface water-groundwater-recycled water-external water-seawater coordinated utilization and treatment technology

Intelligent and simplified network technology system for communication and intelligence integration

Biomanufacturing complex organs

Integrated development technology of coal and associated energy resources

A new generation of low-energy and low-cost carbon capture and storage technology

Energy integration and intelligent management of advanced aviation airborne systems

Biomanufacturing technologies for bulk food raw materials and high-value ingredients

Establish a new drug development system based on clinical and multi-omics big data

Ten major industry technology issues

Breaking through the bottleneck of importing high-end equipment for large and super-large desalination projects

Improvement of Anti-Oxidation Performance of Ultra-Supercritical Steam Turbine Blades

Research on key scientific and technological issues of autonomous mining for deep space resource development

Construction of an industry-oriented intelligent unmanned system autonomous capability evaluation system

High-speed optical interconnection between chips (optical-I/O) technology industry is implemented

Development of regenerative biomaterials in the aging state

The path to achieve a comprehensive balance of energy and electricity "safety-low carbon-economy"

Intelligent processing and industrial application of satellite remote sensing data

Intelligent response to pest and disease biological vaccines based on synthetic biology and AI

Brain function assessment and brain-computer intelligence closed-loop intervention